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Fenomena pemanasan global dan menipisnya lapisan Ozon akibat peningkatan emisi gas rumah kaca secara berlebihan di atmosfer melalui penggunaan bahan bakar fosil, deforestasi dan aktivitas manusia lainnya, telah berdampak negatif bagi keberlanjutan ekosistem pesisir dan lautan, diantaranya; (i) komunitas terumbu karang mengalami pemutihan (coral bleaching) sehingga menurunkan produksi perikanan karang (ii) meningkatnya radiasi ultraviolet-B yang masuk ke perairan sehingga menghambat proses fotosintesis dan pertumbuhan fitoplankton sebagai produsen primer dan penyerap CO2 terbesar di perairan laut, (iii) terancamnya hewan laut dari kepunahan akibat meningkatnya suhu dan penurunan salinitas perairan laut, dan (iv) naiknya permukaan laut akibat mencairnya es di kawasan kutub bumi dapat merendam kawasan pesisir dan menenggelamkan pulau-pulau kecil. Semuanya berpotensi mengancam keberlangsungan eksositem pesisir dan lautan sebagai penyangga kehidupan manusia. Untuk itu upaya menekan laju pemanasan global dengan mengurangi penggunaan bahan bakar fosil dan mengurangi tingginya tingkat deforestasi serta minimalisasi aktivitas lainnya yang menghasilkan emisi gas rumah kaca secara berlebihan merupakan tindakan nyata yang harus segera dilakukan sebelum semuanya terlambat.
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Universitas Darusallam Ambon
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